What is the importance of drainage in landscape design?

The importance of drainage in landscape design is fundamentally about maintaining the health of plants and the integrity of the landscape as a whole. Proper drainage prevents water from accumulating in areas where it can cause significant issues, such as waterlogging. This stagnant water can lead to plant diseases, particularly root rot, which occurs when the roots are submerged in excess moisture for prolonged periods. Many plants require well-drained soil conditions to thrive; otherwise, their roots can suffocate, leading to nutrient deficiencies and ultimately the decline of the plant's health.

While aspects like aesthetic appeal, soil aeration, and promotion of plant growth are relevant to landscape design, they are secondary to the critical role of effective drainage in safeguarding plant vitality. Good drainage ensures that water moves away from root zones and allows for the necessary balance of moisture and air that roots need to function properly. Thus, the prevention of water accumulation directly correlates to the overall resilience and sustainability of the landscape.