What indicates proper technique when pruning branches in large limbs?

Making clean cuts just outside the collar is an essential technique in ensuring the health and recovery of the tree after pruning. The collar, which is the swollen area of tissue at the base of a branch where it connects to the trunk or another branch, contains specialized cells that help seal wounds and prevent disease entry. By making a clean cut just outside the collar, you allow the tree to effectively close over the wound and reduce the risk of infection or rot that can occur if the cut is made too close to the trunk or too far out on the limb.

This proper technique promotes better healing and enhances the tree's natural defense mechanisms. It also preserves the integrity of the collar, which is crucial for the tree's overall health. As a result, this method not only aids in maintaining the aesthetic form of the tree but also supports its long-term vitality.